Ancient Oman

Ancient Oman was known by various names—Magan, Mazoon, and Oman—each reflecting different cultural or historical identities linked to trade, agriculture, and tribal migrations.
Evidence of human settlement in Oman dates back to the 10th millennium BC, with stone tools, inscriptions, and burial systems revealing early societal structures and beliefs.
In the Middle and Late Stone Ages, Omanis advanced in tool-making, pottery, and burial practices, with archaeological finds indicating religious and cultural development.
Major prehistoric settlements such as Ras al-Hamra, Bat, and Al-Wattaya show early fishing, farming, and architectural achievements.
Bat, a UNESCO World Heritage site, highlights early water systems and funeral architecture, while Al-Maysar reveals copper tool production and trade.
Sites like Ras al-Jinz show Oman’s role in international Bronze Age trade between Majan and ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley.
Al-Wasit and Salut demonstrate Oman’s strategic importance and rich metalwork culture, with evidence of battles and fortified architecture.
Khor Rori (Sumhuram), a major frankincense trade center, held strong ties with ancient civilizations and featured inscriptions, coins, and temples.
Sohar Fort’s finds, including Chinese porcelain, confirm its role as a medieval trade hub until the 13th century.
Overall, archaeological discoveries illustrate Oman’s deep prehistoric roots and its vital role in regional trade, technology, and cultural exchange.